Posts in Critical Care
An Uncommon Cause of Shortness of Breath in the Emergency department: Acute Mitral Regurgitation

By: Russell Prichard MD and Melanie Lippman MD

CASE

The patient is a 52 year-old female with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, and a 2 pack a day smoking history who presented to the emergency department in respiratory distress.

When EMS arrived to the patient’s home, she was hypoxemic with a pulse oximetry reading of 70s on room air and hypotensive with systolic blood pressures in the 80s. She was placed on nasal cannula with improvement in her saturations and she was given aspirin, fentanyl, and nitroglycerin without relief.

Upon arrival her vitals were significant for respiratory rate of 34, pulse oximetry of 98% on 6L NC. She was noted to be in acute distress.

The patient was placed on positive pressure ventilation via BiPAP and broad blood work, chest X-ray and electrocardiogram (ECG) were obtained.

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Kawa-shocky

The patient is a 5-year-old female with a past medical history significant only for torticollis who presented to the emergency department with fever, emesis, diarrhea, fatigue, and rash. The patient began having fevers to 102 degrees Fahrenheit five days prior to arrival. The patient’s mother reported that four days ago, the patient began having diarrhea and non-bloody, non-bilious emesis. Two days ago, she began having decreased PO intake, continued fevers and emesis, anuria, and bilateral neck pain. The morning of arrival, the patient’s mother noted a rash on the patient’s back and bilateral conjunctival injection. She brought the patient to her pediatrician’s office, who sent her to the ED for further evaluation and management…

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